Clinical Applications of Mass Spectrometry in Toxicological Investigations: Advancing Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Analysis

OPEN-ACCESS PEER-REVIEWED

¹Dr. Puneet Sudan, ²Dr. Gajanand Modi, ³Marina Albuquerque, ⁴Abanibhusan Jena, ⁵Angsuman Das

^1*Professor, Chandigarh Pharmacy College-Jhanjeri, Chandigarh Group of Colleges-Jhanjeri, Mohali (Punjab), India.

²Associate Professor, FOBAS RNB Global University, Bikaner, India.

³Research Scholar, School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Goa University. Taleigao Goa, India.

⁴Associate Professor, Fakir Mohan Medical College, Fakir Mohan University, O.U.H.S, Odisha, India.

⁵Rajiv Gandhi University

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Abstract

Mass spectrometry (MS) has revolutionized therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and analysis in clinical toxicology. This review studies the recent advancements and applications of MS in toxicological investigations, highlighting its role in improving TDM precision and expanding the analyte detection scope.MS’s versatility allows for precise drug quantification across various concentrations, enhancing patient care through personalized dosing regimens and monitoring drug efficacy and toxicity. MS-based assays provide superior specificity and sensitivity compared to traditional immunoassays, especially in complex matrices like blood, urine, and tissue samples. MS aids in identifying and quantifying novel psychoactive substances and designer drugs, addressing emerging challenges in clinical toxicology. The rapid adaptation of this substance to changing drug landscapes is a crucial aspect of its essential role in forensic and emergency toxicology. MS, alongside TDM, is increasingly being utilized in postmortem toxicology, aiding in thorough investigations into drug-related deaths, and contributing to forensic pathology and public health initiatives. Despite its widespread adoption, challenges such as standardization of methodologies, complex data interpretation, and cost-effectiveness persist. The integration of MS into clinical practice and its potential in toxicological investigations will be significantly enhanced by addressing these challenges. MS is crucial in postmortem toxicology, aiding in forensic pathology and public health interventions, but challenges like standardization, data interpretation, and cost remain. MS’s application in toxicology is continuously evolving, providing exceptional capabilities in TDM, new psychoactive substances (NPS)detection, and forensic investigations. Future technological advancements are expected to enhance the clinical utility of MS, leading to improved patient outcomes and public health.MS continues to revolutionize clinical toxicology, offering exceptional capabilities in TDM, NPS detection, and forensic analyses, with continued advancements promising improved patient care and public health outcomes.

Keywords: Mass Spectrometry, Toxicological investigations, Therapeutic drug monitoring, Drug discovery, Insilico-methodologies

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