OPEN-ACCESS PEER-REVIEWED

Dr Lopamudra1, 2Dr Jharana Mahanta, 3Dr Sudhansu Priyadarsini Biswal, 4Dr Sumanta Sahu, 5Dr. Satish Kumar Dalai

1Assistant Professor, Dept of Microbiology, Government Medical College & Hospital, Sundargarh, Odisha

2Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, DDMCH, Keonjhar

3Assistant professor, Department in Microbiology DDMCH, Keonjhar

4Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology Bhima Bhoi Medical College and Hospital, Balangir,

5Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology Bhima Bhoi Medical College and Hospital, Balangir,

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Abstract

Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) have high morbidity and mortality rates, hence being a threat to immunocompromised individuals. This research focuses on new approaches to combating IFIs with particular reference to newly developed antifungal drugs and diagnostic technologies. The present research focuses on increasing rates of infection by pathogens like Aspergillus, Candida species, and Cryptococcus neoformans, and the ineffectiveness of conventional antifungal treatment. We especially contrasted the efficacy of more recently developed antifungal drugs, including Echinocandins, and the new generation of Triazoles. Moreover, we analyzed the role of advanced diagnostic methods such as next-generation sequencing (NGS) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in early and accurate diagnosis. In this regard, we were able to conclude that, compared to standard treatments, new antifungal drugs raise therapeutic reaction rates by 82%, decrease deaths by 15%, and the time to therapeutic effect is 12. 3 ± 5. 7 days,as compared to 18. 5 ± 6. 3 days in conventional therapy. Also, the lower rates of the harmful effects and the shorter hospitalization times are associated with these new drugs. However, these are interesting findings despite the following limitations: Firstly, the study design was observational and secondly, the sample size was relatively small. Randomized controlled trials on a large scale should form the basis for further research to determine the long-term safety and efficacy of these new therapeutic approaches. The benefits of the adoption of these innovative approaches include enhanced exploitation of other treatment approaches and improved outcomes for IFI patients when these practices are implemented in the clinical setting.

Keywords: Invasive fungal infections (IFIs), Antifungal therapies, Immunocompromised patients, Novel antifungal agents, Diagnostic innovations

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